Clay Lane

The Copy Book

A Library of History and Literature in English

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367

A Glimpse of the Grail

In a lonely castle upon a remote island, Sir Lancelot’s wanderings brought him once more into the presence of the elusive cup of Christ’s blood.

Sir Lancelot has been searching many years for the Sangreal, the Holy Grail or cup which Christ gave to his Apostles at the Last Supper. Now he has taken ship and sailed many seas, and come at last to a lonely isle, and a castle kept only by lions as door-wardens. Entering within, he finds a brightly lit chamber, filled with heavenly song, and prays fervently to Jesus: “Show me something of that I seek!”

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Picture: By Andrey Rublev (?-?1430), via Wikimedia Commons. Licence: Public domain.. Source.

368

A Right and a Duty

The tighter the US Government’s stranglehold on dissent grew, the harder Daniel Webster fought for freedom of speech.

In 1814, the USA was still embroiled in the War of 1812 with Great Britain. Many citizens of east coast States were dismayed, holding that the war was wrecking the economy for no demonstrable gain. President James Madison’s pro-France hawks in Washington responded by trying to silence critics as traitors, but young Daniel Webster, recently elected to Congress as Member for New Hampshire, was defiant.

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Picture: By Henry R. Robinson, via the Library of Congress and Wikimedia Commons. Licence: Public domain.. Source.

369

On Westminster Bridge

On his way to war-torn France, William Wordsworth passed through London and was overwhelmed by the quiet of the early morning.

The following Sonnet was written, William Wordsworth recalled, “on the roof of a coach, on my way to France.” It was July 1802, and he was off with his sister Dorothy to visit his old flame Annette Vallon and their daughter Caroline; he had not seen Annette since the French Revolution had so cruelly parted them nearly ten years before. His journey from London took him across Westminster Bridge at dawn.

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Picture: By Daniel Turner (fl. 1802-1817), via Wikimedia Commons. Licence: Public domain.. Source.

370

English Spirit

Edmund Burke told the House of Commons that the American colonies’ refusal to be dictated to by Westminster was the very spirit that had made the Empire great.

In 1766, Parliament truculently reasserted the right to tax and regulate Britain’s thirteen American colonies. The Americans were allowed no MPs in the Commons, but they had many friends, and barely a month before those first shots rang out in Lexington on April 19th, 1775, Edmund Burke warned the Government not to try to crush the manly English spirit that made Americans so independent.

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Picture: by Don Troiani (1949-), Wikimedia Commons. Licence: Public domain image.. Source.

371

The Glory of Athens

Classical Greece has been an inspiration to every generation because she stands for the triumph of liberty and reason over prejudice and power.

In 1808, William Mitford (1744-1827) published a History of Greece, of which Thomas Macaulay was far from uncritical; but it prompted him to reflect on the hold that classical Greece continues to exercise over us all. We speak of it mostly in terms of fine buildings and grand oratory, of places of learning or gatherings at Court, but the real glory of Athens, said Macaulay, does not lie there.

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Picture: By William Blake Richmond (1842-1921), Wikimedia Commons. Licence: Public domain.. Source.

372

The Liberty of Athens

The supreme arts and literature of ancient Athens all sprang from the State’s refusal to interfere in the life of the citizen.

In 1808, William Mitford (1744-1827) published a History of Greece to the death of Alexander in 327 BC. A recurrent theme of his narrative was a horror of the kind of popular politics for which Athens is famous, and his conviction that stability comes from a close-knit group of elder statesmen keeping the country on a tight rein. Macaulay completely disagreed.

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Picture: Photo by George E. Koronais, Wikimedia Commons. Licence: Public domain.. Source.