Introduction
When Lord Ripon took over as Viceroy of India in 1880, he at once set about including more Indians in Government, and allowing the local press to hold lawmakers to account. Many opposed him and it took a long time for his policy to bear fruit, but Ram Chandra Palit believed that it was Ripon, and not his critics, who was truly British.
THE enactment of the Vernacular Press Law had excited much dissatisfaction.* To the Viceroy was left the settlement of the question as to whether it should be repealed or allowed to remain in force. The local authorities were consulted, the necessary information was collected, and then without any fuss or demonstration the Act was quietly repealed — the liberty of the Vernacular Press was restored, and the people of India were taught the lesson that though one administration may err, the justice of the British nation is triumphant in the end. In the same quiet way, when Sir Richard Garth took leave for three months, a native of India was appointed Chief Justice in his place.*
That Government is entitled to the gratitude of the people of this country, which for the first time proclaimed to all India that henceforth, there shall be nothing to preclude a native of India from filling the highest office in the gift of his Sovereign, provided that he possesses the necessary qualifications.*
Abridged
Introduced in 1878 by Ripon’s predecessor Lord Lytton, it was a rather desperate attempt to stifle criticism at a time when Lytton lived in fear of Russian invasion through Afghanistan, a fear which the Secretary of State for India, Lord Salisbury, did not share: see ‘Never Trust Experts’. The Act also forbade Indians to bear weapons.
This was Sir Romesh Chandra Mitra or Mitter (1840-1899), a judge in the High Court of Calcutta since 1874, and appointed to his temporary post in 1882. As Chief Justice, Mitra was authorised to try and sentence Europeans, which caused a considerable uproar. Sir Romesh was a man of remarkably high personal standards: he retired on January 1st 1890 because he had been late for court. He was knighted the following June. A bust of Mitra stands in the court to this day.
See Queen Victoria’s promise to the people of India in Equal before the Law.
Archive
Word Games
Spinners Find in Think and Speak
For each group of words, compose a sentence that uses all three. You can use any form of the word: for example, cat → cats, go → went, or quick → quickly, though neigh → neighbour is stretching it a bit.
This exercise uses words found in the accompanying passage.
1 First. Person. Remain.
2 Administration. One. Qualification.
3 Dissatisfaction. Information. People.
Variations: 1. include direct and indirect speech 2. include one or more of these words: although, because, despite, either/or, if, unless, until, when, whether, which, who 3. use negatives (not, isn’t, neither/nor, never, nobody etc.)
Adjectives Find in Think and Speak
For each word below, compose sentences to show that it may be used as an adjective. Adjectives provide extra information about a noun, e.g. a black cat, a round table, the early bird etc..
This exercise uses words found in the accompanying passage.
1 Same. 2 Endless. 3 Chief. 4 Native. 5 Quiet. 6 Forceful. 7 Sovereign. 8 Left. 9 Exciting.
Variations: 1.show whether your adjective can also be used as e.g. a noun, verb or adverb. 2.show whether your adjective can be used in comparisons (e.g. good/better/best). 3.show whether your adjective can be used in attributive position (e.g. a dangerous corner) and also in predicate position (this corner is dangerous).
Opposites Find in Think and Speak
Suggest words or phrases that seem opposite in meaning to each of the words below. We have suggested some possible answers; see if you can find any others.
This exercise uses words found in the accompanying passage.
Variations: 1.instead of opposites, suggest words of similar meaning (synonyms). 2.use a word and its opposite in the same sentence. 3.suggest any 5 opposites formed by adding in-.
High Tiles Find in Think and Speak
Make words (three letters or more) from the seven letters showing below, using any letter once only. Each letter carries a score. What is the highest-scoring word you can make?
Your Words ()
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