Heracles and the Flea

A man begs the mighty Heracles to save him the effort of despatching a flea.

Introduction

Like the Fable of Heracles and the Waggoner, this is a tale about doing all you can before asking for help. Sir Roger L’Estrange, however, took it further. Mindful of the secularism gaining ground in English society, he said the story was a warning to those who give up on religion when trivial matters do not go their way.

abridged

THERE was a Fellow, that upon a Flea-Biting call’d out to Hercules for Help.* The Flea gets away, and the Man Expostulates upon the Matter. Well! Hercules; (says he) You that would not take My Part against a Sorry Flea, will never stand by me in a Time of Need, against a more Powerful Enemy.

The Moral.

We Neglect God in Greater Matters, and Petition him for Trifles, nay and Take Pet at last if we cannot have our Askings. [...] If we cannot Obtain Every Vain Thing we ask, our next Bus’ness is to take Pet at the Refusal, nay and in Revenge to give over Praying for Good and All; and so to Renounce Heaven for a Flea-biting.

abridged

Abridged From ‘Fables, of Aesop and Other Eminent Mythologists, with Morals and Reflections’ (3rd edn, 1669), by Sir Roger L’Estrange (1616-1704).

* For a related Fable, see Heracles and the Waggoner.

Précis
Sir Roger L’Estrange retold the fable of how Hercules refused to help a man tackle a troublesome flea. The man complained that the god’s failure to intervene proved how weak he really was; but Sir Roger drew another moral: that too often, men give up on praying about serious matters simply because God does not indulge them over trifling ones.
Questions for Critics

1. What is the author aiming to achieve in writing this?

2. Note any words, devices or turns of phrase that strike you. How do they help the author communicate his ideas more effectively?

3. What impression does this passage make on you? How might you put that impression into words?

Based on The English Critic (1939) by NL Clay, drawing on The New Criticism: A Lecture Delivered at Columbia University, March 9, 1910, by J. E. Spingarn, Professor of Comparative Literature in Columbia University, USA.

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