Clay Lane

The Copy Book

A Library of History and Literature in English

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859

The Day London Bridge Fell Down

In 1014, Norwegian prince Olaf Haraldsson sailed to the aid of King Ethelred the Unready in his struggle with the Danes.

In 1014 Danish King Sweyn Forkbeard, who had ousted Ethelred the Unready, unexpectedly died. Ethelred and his Norse ally Olaf Haraldsson each raised a fleet and swept up the Thames to London, but Sweyn’s son Cnut was barring their way, his Danes strung right across the Thames on a wooden bridge.

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Picture: © Jza84, Wikimedia Commons. Licence: CC BY-SA 2.0.. Source.

860

The Conversion of Rogaland

Zealous convert Olaf Tryggvason went from England to Norway to spread the Gospel, but it seemed the Lord did not like Olaf’s way of doing it.

When Olaf Trygvason returned from England to Norway in 995, he seized the crown of Earl Hakon and declared himself King with the intention of converting all Norway to Christianity. His method was to ask nicely and then slaughter anyone who refused; happily, in Rogaland a higher power than Olaf was at work.

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Picture: © Henry Leirvoll, Wikimedia Commons. Licence: CC BY-SA 3.0.. Source.

861

Mr and Mrs Raffles

Abdullah Abdul Kadir gives us his first-hand impressions of the Founder of Singapore and of his first wife, Olivia.

In 1808, young colonial secretary Stamford Raffles went down the Malaysian coast from Penang to the formerly Dutch colony of Malacca as a rest cure. There, Raffles and his wife Olivia made the acquaintance of Abdullah Abdul Kadir, a local teacher of Malay, who left us his pen-portrait of them.

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Picture: © yeowatzup, Wikimedia Commons. Licence: CC BY-SA 2.0.. Source.

862

Raffles and the Reprieve of Malacca

The busy trading hub of Malacca was to be consigned to history, until Stamford Raffles saw that history was one of its assets.

Stamford Raffles (1781-1826) is known today as the founder of Singapore, but his first foray into statecraft came when he was still in his late twenties. In 1808, as assistant secretary to the Governor of Penang he penned an impassioned report which saved Malacca, modern-day Melaka in Malaysia, from oblivion.

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Picture: © Mshahrazif, Wikimedia Commons. Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0.. Source.

863

Image of Joy

In 1274, the Pope and the Patriarch of Constantinople signed a historic reunion, but there were some formidable dissenters.

In 1261, the Roman Emperor Michael Palaeologos won his battered empire back from the Crusaders, but Charles, Count of Anjou, was eager to reconquer the East and bring its ‘schismatic’ Christians under the Pope. Michael instructed the Greek Church to give in and save his crown, but twenty-six monks of Mount Athos were more concerned with their consciences.

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Picture: © Georgid, Wikimedia Commons. Licence: CC BY-SA 3.0.. Source.

864

The Wooing of Olaf Tryggvason

An aristocratic widow advertises for a husband, and among the line-up of natty and noble suitors is a rough-and-ready Olaf Tryggvason.

In 984, exiled Norwegian prince Olaf Tryggvason lost his wife Geira, and went on a four-year grief-stricken rampage through Britain, before suddenly becoming a Christian in the Isles of Scilly. Hearing that Gyda, the King of Dublin’s sister, had summoned a Thing (a Viking council) to choose a husband, Olaf returned to England.

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Picture: Morgan Library & Museum, via Wikimedia Commons. Licence: Public domain.. Source.