England’s Lost Civilisation

POSSESSED of enormous wealth, gathered by others, the Normans gave rein to their pride and fury, and put to death without compunction the native inhabitants. Young women of high rank mourned their dishonour by filthy ruffians. Matrons, bereaved of their husbands and deprived of the consolation of friends, preferred death to life. Ignorant upstarts, driven almost mad by their sudden elevation, wondered how they arrived at such a pitch of power, and thought that they might do whatever they liked.

Fools and perverse, not to reflect, with contrite hearts, that, not by their own strength, but by the providence of God they had conquered their enemies, and subjugated a nation greater, and richer, and more ancient than their own; illustrious for its saints, and wise men, and powerful kings, who had earned a noble reputation by their deeds, both in war and peace! They ought to have recollected with fear, and inscribed in their hearts, the word which says: “With deeply the same measure that ye mete, it shall be measured to you again.”*

abridged and emended

Abridged and emended from ‘The Ecclesiastical History of England and Normandy’ (1853-4) Vol. 2, by Orderic Vitalis (1075-?1143), translated by Thomas Forester.

See Matthew 7:2.

Précis
The Normans murdered and raped without fear of retribution. Even they were amazed at how easy it was to subdue the Anglo-Saxons’ more refined and civilised society by sheer violence, and to become rich on the back of it. But Orderic warned that there is always a reckoning, if not in this life then in the next.
Questions for Critics

1. What is the author aiming to achieve in writing this?

2. Note any words, devices or turns of phrase that strike you. How do they help the author communicate his ideas more effectively?

3. What impression does this passage make on you? How might you put that impression into words?

Based on The English Critic (1939) by NL Clay, drawing on The New Criticism: A Lecture Delivered at Columbia University, March 9, 1910, by J. E. Spingarn, Professor of Comparative Literature in Columbia University, USA.

Sevens

Suggest answers to this question. See if you can limit one answer to exactly seven words.

How was Anglo-Saxon England better than Normandy, in Orderic’s view?

Suggestion

In its wealth and in its history.

Read Next

A Little Common Sense

William Pitt the Elder doubts the wisdom of letting experts run the country.

A Mechanical Miracle

The father of computing believed his machine held the key to some of life’s greatest mysteries.

Peace By Free Trade

The blessing of trade free from political interference was one of most important insights in British, indeed world history.