Mr and Mrs Raffles

IN regard to his wife,* she was no ordinary woman. Every day she worked just like her husband, and did everything in an ordinary and modest way, and with a pleasant face; and she spoke respectfully to the poor just the same as to the rich; and she always liked to study the Malay language, inquiring diligently what the Malays said for this and that; and she wrote down whatever she saw.

When her husband was going to do anything or buy something, he spoke first to his wife about everthing, and if she approved, it was done. From her behaviour and her diligence it seemed to me just as if it were she that was responsible for the work of her husband, and as if she were her husband’s helper. God has joined them together, and they are suitable for one another, like a king and his counsellor, like a ring and its setting, and like sugar and milk. This ought to be an example for the people of all subsequent ages to follow.

abridged

Abridged from ‘The Autobiography of Munshi Abdullah’ by Abdullah Abdul Kadir (1796-1854), translated by the Revd W. G. Shellabear. Further information from ‘Memoir of the Life and Public Services of Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles’ by Sophia Raffles, and ‘Sir Stamford Raffles, Founder of Singapore’ by Bethune Cook.

This was Olivia, his first wife, Olivia Mariamne Devenish, widow of a surgeon from Madras. She was ten years older than Stamford. She died, to Stamford’s lasting grief, in 1814. Three years later he married Sophia Hull, while he was back in England following a stint as Lieutenant-Governor of Java.

Précis
Abdullah remembered Olivia Raffles as a highly unusual woman, sharing her husband’s scholarly interest in Malay language and culture, and breaking the same social taboos. Raffles used to consult her on every decision, and Abdullah likened wife and husband to a jewel and its setting, recommending their example to every generation to come.
Questions for Critics

1. What is the author aiming to achieve in writing this?

2. Note any words, devices or turns of phrase that strike you. How do they help the author communicate his ideas more effectively?

3. What impression does this passage make on you? How might you put that impression into words?

Based on The English Critic (1939) by NL Clay, drawing on The New Criticism: A Lecture Delivered at Columbia University, March 9, 1910, by J. E. Spingarn, Professor of Comparative Literature in Columbia University, USA.

Sevens

Suggest answers to this question. See if you can limit one answer to exactly seven words.

On what matters did Raffles consult his wife?

Jigsaws

Express the ideas below in a single sentence, using different words as much as possible. Do not be satisfied with the first answer you think of; think of several, and choose the best.

Olivia was keen to learn Malay. She treated rich and poor with equal respect. Abdullah said she was no ordinary woman.

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