Fair and Loving Words

King Edward returned to London again the 11th day of April, six months after that he had sailed into Flanders: and first calling before him a great assembly of people, highly commended the fidelity of the citizens, which they constantly bare unto him, rendering to the Aldermen most hearty thanks for that, that they had kept, and caused the people to continue, and be permanent in their good minds and loyalty toward him, blaming farther and rebuking as well merchant strangers, as Englishmen, whom he knew to have prested,* and lent money to king Henry for the arraying and setting forth of a new army against him.

But when he had grievously with terrible words declared to them their seditious crime and traitorous offence, he bade them be of good comfort, and to expel all fear, for he released to them both the punishment of their bodies, and loss of goods, and granted to them Pardon for their faults and offences, by which gentle mean and easy indulgence, he reconciled to him the hearts of the whole multitude, obtaining that, by fair and loving words, which he could not have achieved with sharp strokes, and bloody wounds.

spelling modernised

From ‘Hall’s Chronicle’ (1809) by Edward Hall (?-1547), edited by Richard Grafton (?-1572) and Henry Ellis (1777-1869). Spelling modernised.

* ‘Prest’ is a now obsolete word meaning ‘ready’, from Latin praestus. ‘Prested’ means ‘readied’, especially in regards to readying an army. The merchants had readied and lent money for Henry’s army.

Précis
With Henry now out of the way, Edward thanked the city’s alderman for their own loyalty and the loyalty of London’s citizens, but denounced the City’s merchants, foreign and domestic, for bankrolling Henry. To their surprise and relief, he then announced there would be no recriminations, a gesture that secured their goodwill more effectively than any punishment.
Questions for Critics

1. What is the author aiming to achieve in writing this?

2. Note any words, devices or turns of phrase that strike you. How do they help the author communicate his ideas more effectively?

3. What impression does this passage make on you? How might you put that impression into words?

Based on The English Critic (1939) by NL Clay, drawing on The New Criticism: A Lecture Delivered at Columbia University, March 9, 1910, by J. E. Spingarn, Professor of Comparative Literature in Columbia University, USA.

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