The Copy Book

Six Honest Serving-Men

A professional journalist and author recognises that he has met his match

1902

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Photo by Sgt Mike MacLeod, Wikimedia Commons. Licence: Public domain.

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Six Honest Serving-Men

Photo by Sgt Mike MacLeod, Wikimedia Commons. Licence: Public domain. Source
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Indian Army soldiers with the 2nd Battalion, 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles and U.S. Army paratroopers with the 1st Brigade Combat Team, 82nd Airborne Division on a field training exercise at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, USA, in 2013.

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Introduction

Bombay-born Rudyard Kipling’s first job was as a journalist in what was then the Indian city of Lahore. Kipling grasped the importance of sending his ‘honest serving-men’ out on duty in the search for accurate reports, but even the most investigative of journalists has to recognise that in certain company, he is a mere amateur.

I KEEP six honest serving-men
(They taught me all I knew);
Their names are What and Why and When
And How and Where and Who.
I send them over land and sea,
I send them east and west;
But after they have worked for me,
I give them all a rest.

I let them rest from nine till five,
For I am busy then,
As well as breakfast, lunch, and tea,
For they are hungry men.
But different folk have different views;
I know a person small—
She keeps ten million serving-men,
Who get no rest at all!

She sends ’em abroad on her own affairs,
From the second she opens her eyes—
One million Hows, two million Wheres,
And seven million Whys!

‘I Keep Six Honest Serving-Men’, by Rudyard Kipling.

Archive

Word Games

Spinners Find in Think and Speak

For each group of words, compose a sentence that uses all three. You can use any form of the word: for example, cat → cats, go → went, or quick → quickly, though neigh → neighbour is stretching it a bit.

This exercise uses words found in the accompanying passage.

1 Busy. Five. One.

2 Give. Over. Six.

3 Have. Honest. Small.

Variations: 1. include direct and indirect speech 2. include one or more of these words: although, because, despite, either/or, if, unless, until, when, whether, which, who 3. use negatives (not, isn’t, neither/nor, never, nobody etc.)

Verb and Noun Find in Think and Speak

Many words can serve as noun or verb depending on context: see if you can prove this with the examples below. Nouns go well with words such as the/a, or his/her; verbs go well after I/you/he etc..

This exercise uses words found in the accompanying passage.

1 Work. 2 People. 3 Let. 4 Lunch. 5 Man. 6 Keep. 7 Rest. 8 Till. 9 Breakfast.

Variations: 1.if possible, use your noun in the plural, e.g. cat → cats. 2.use your verb in a past form, e.g. go → went. 3.use your noun in a sentence with one of these words: any, enough, fewer, less, no, some.

Homonyms Find in Think and Speak

Each of the words below has more than one possible meaning. Compose your own sentences to show what those different meanings are.

This exercise uses words found in the accompanying passage.

1. Second. 2. Keep. 3. Till. 4. Rest. 5. Own. 6. Well. 7. Let. 8. Serve. 9. Man.

Show Suggestions

For each word above, choose one or more suitable meanings from this list.

1. Plough the ground. 2. Provide the crew for. 3. Temporarily transfer a person from one role to another. 4. A male person. 5. The others, the remainder. 6. Belonging to oneself. 7. Take a break. 8. Up to the time. 9. The most secure part of a castle. 10. Support, give backing. 11. Retain hold. 12. One sixtieth of a minute. 13. Allow. 14. Possess. 15. The one behind or after the first. 16. Minister to. 17. A support. 18. Fulfil the functions of. 19. An opening shot in tennis. 20. Hand out, especially food. 21. A deep hole providing water. 22. An island in the Irish Sea. 23. Reward (especially negatively). 24. Umpire’s call in tennis. 25. A cash register. 26. Not badly. 27. Make available to rent. 28. Admit. 29. The cost of one’s board and lodging.

High Tiles Find in Think and Speak

Make words (three letters or more) from the seven letters showing below, using any letter once only. Each letter carries a score. What is the highest-scoring word you can make?

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