The Copy Book

Heracles at the Crossroads

The gods had given Heracles every grace of body and mind, but there was one thing he must do for himself: choose how to use them.

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From Wikimedia Commons. Licence: Public domain.

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Heracles at the Crossroads

From Wikimedia Commons. Licence: Public domain. Source
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The Woman in White... ‘Elegant Young Woman’ by Artúr Lajos Halmi (1866-1939), painted in 1909.

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Introduction

Heracles, a child of Zeus, is endowed with astonishing physical strength and skill, but does he also have strength of character to match?

HERACLES’S stepfather Amphitryon trained his boy in all the warlike arts, and did not forget music and letters.

But knowledge does not always confer wisdom, and after Heracles, blinded by rage, had killed his over-critical music tutor with a single blow, he took himself deep into the forest to think.

To his surprise, there two ladies found him. Both were dazzlingly beautiful. One stood before him in sensuous colours and glittering jewellery, but the other was clad in simple white.

The first was Vice, and she said: “Choose me, and your life shall be ceaseless pleasure, and no effort of mind or body will be demanded of you.”

But other was Virtue, and she said: “Choose me, and you will have the honour of your countrymen, but I cannot promise a life without labour, for no man may reap where he does not sow.”

And Heracles chose the path of Virtue — both the sweet, and the bitter.

Based on Myths and Legends of Ancient Greece by E. M. Berens.

Précis

After one criticism too many from his music tutor, Heracles snapped, and struck him down dead with a single blow. Appalled, he went to the forest to think, and there was met by Vice and Virtue, in female form. Vice offered him a life of ease and pleasure, but Heracles chose Virtue: a life of honour, but great hardship. (59 / 60 words)

After one criticism too many from his music tutor, Heracles snapped, and struck him down dead with a single blow. Appalled, he went to the forest to think, and there was met by Vice and Virtue, in female form. Vice offered him a life of ease and pleasure, but Heracles chose Virtue: a life of honour, but great hardship.

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Variations: 1.increase the length of this precis to exactly 65 words. 2.reduce the length of this precis to exactly 55 words. 3.introduce one of the following words into the precis: about, although, may, must, otherwise, ought, since, unless.

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Word Games

Sevens Based on this passage

Suggest answers to this question. See if you can limit one answer to exactly seven words.

Why did Heracles go into the forest to examine his soul?

Variations: 1.expand your answer to exactly fourteen words. 2.expand your answer further, to exactly twenty-one words. 3.include one of the following words in your answer: if, but, despite, because, (al)though, unless.

Spinners Find in Think and Speak

For each group of words, compose a sentence that uses all three. You can use any form of the word: for example, cat → cats, go → went, or quick → quickly, though neigh → neighbour is stretching it a bit.

This exercise uses words found in the accompanying passage.

1 Choose. Confer. Pleasure.

2 Color. Effort. Promise.

3 Cease. Knowledge. Simple.

Variations: 1. include direct and indirect speech 2. include one or more of these words: although, because, despite, either/or, if, unless, until, when, whether, which, who 3. use negatives (not, isn’t, neither/nor, never, nobody etc.)

Homonyms Find in Think and Speak

Each of the words below has more than one possible meaning. Compose your own sentences to show what those different meanings are.

This exercise uses words found in the accompanying passage.

1. Found. 2. Man. 3. Train. 4. May. 5. Stand.

Show Suggestions

For each word above, choose one or more suitable meanings from this list.

1. Verb indicating possibility. 2. A stall in a market. 3. Discovered. 4. The hawthorn tree and its blossom. 5. Pay for e.g. drinks, food, on behalf of others. 6. Coach in a skill or habit. 7. Hold oneself upright on one’s feet. 8. A male person. 9. Establish an institution. 10. Provide the crew for. 11. A month of the year. 12. A string of railway waggons. 13. An island in the Irish Sea. 14. A long coat-tail dragging behind the wearer. 15. Bear, endure a hardship. 16. A retinue of attendants. 17. Aim e.g. a gun at a target.

Add Vowels Find in Think and Speak

Make words by adding vowels to each group of consonants below. You may add as many vowels as you like before, between or after the consonants, but you may not add any consonants or change the order of those you have been given. See if you can beat our target of common words.

rts (13+3)

See Words

aerates. arts. rates. ratios. rats. riots. rites. roots. rotas. rots. routes. routs. ruts.

aortas. orates. riotous.

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