Rich Harmony

Chaucer, Shakespeare, the makers of the Authorised Version, Defoe, Swift, Addison, Johnson, Burke, or Bright, you cannot crown the English of any one of these and say “Here the pinnacle was definitely reached.” They were masters of expression, they used supremely well the English language of their days, tuning the instrument for their contemporaries, enlarging it for those who came after them. But the possibilities of this great organ of expression transcend even Shakespeare or the Bible. Dare we say that English is past its prime? Shall we accept defeat, and write the word decadent across the page? We cannot judge as yet the English of our day: we see the trees delicate or rank, leafy or dead in its bewildering wood, but the wood itself we cannot see.

Every generation, and especially every English generation, is tempted to depreciate itself. This habit, however amiable and wholesome, is insincere, for there is in nearly all of us that which secretly stands by the age we live in. I, at least, like to regard the English language as still in the making, capable of new twists and bold captures; and yet I think our attitude towards it should have more reverence; that we should love our mother tongue as we love our country, and try to express ourselves with vigour, dignity, and grace.*

From ‘Castles in Spain and Other Screeds’ (1927), by John Galsworthy (1867-1933).

* See also Hilaire Belloc on The Common Tongue.

Précis
Galsworthy acknowledged the mastery of writers from Chaucer to Dickens and beyond, but urged us not to think that great days were all behind us. He rebuked the English for thinking the present age must always be decadent; our language, like our country, is constantly being created, and we should have lofty goals for both.
Questions for Critics

1. What is the author aiming to achieve in writing this?

2. Note any words, devices or turns of phrase that strike you. How do they help the author communicate his ideas more effectively?

3. What impression does this passage make on you? How might you put that impression into words?

Based on The English Critic (1939) by NL Clay, drawing on The New Criticism: A Lecture Delivered at Columbia University, March 9, 1910, by J. E. Spingarn, Professor of Comparative Literature in Columbia University, USA.

Sevens

Suggest answers to this question. See if you can limit one answer to exactly seven words.

What fault did Galsworthy think every generation of Englishmen was guilty of?

Suggestion

Comparing itself unfavourably with generations gone by.

Jigsaws

Express the ideas below in a single sentence, using different words as much as possible. Do not be satisfied with the first answer you think of; think of several, and choose the best.

There are many great writers. We can have more. That requires reverence for our language.

See if you can include one or more of these words in your answer.

IAdd. IITreat. IIIWithout.

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