Money to Burn

He put a foot up to the bars, to dry and warm it, and the wet boot began to steam; but, he neither looked at it, nor at the fire, but steadily looked at me. It was only now that I began to tremble.

When my lips had parted, and had shaped some words that were without sound, I forced myself to tell him (though I could not do it distinctly), that I had been chosen to succeed some property.

‘Might a mere warmint* ask what property?’ said he. I faltered, ‘I don’t know.’

‘Might a mere warmint ask whose property?’ said he. I faltered again, ‘I don’t know.’

‘Could I make a guess, I wonder,’ said the Convict ‘at your income since you come of age! As to the first figure, now. Five?’* With my heart beating like a heavy hammer of disordered action, I rose out of my chair, and stood with my hand upon the back of it, looking wildly at him.

‘Concerning a guardian,’ he went on. ‘There ought to have been some guardian or such-like, while you was a minor. Some lawyer, maybe. As to the first letter of that lawyer’s name, now. Would it be J?’*

From ‘Great Expectations’ (1861), by Charles Dickens (1812-1870).

* Varmint, a rascal or urchin; it is a dialect form of vermin, dating back to the sixteenth century. Magwitch, when he cares to do so, still pronounces an initial V as W in the fashion of a common Londoner of those days, as he did back on the marshes when he demanded wittles rather than vittles (food). He has detected Pip’s maddeningly superior manner, and with a touch of sarcasm is now playing up to the role in which Pip has cast him.

* Pip was in receipt of £500 annually. According to the Measuring Worth calculators, as an income this would be equivalent to about £45,560 annually in 2022, quite enough to mean that Pip did not need to work for a living, and (given the modest average wages of the time) conferring on him the kind of social standing that today would go with a yearly income of more than ten times that.

* Pip’s affairs were in the capable hands of his lawyer, Mr Jaggers. By this time, Pip could hardly doubt that his visitor knew details that only his mysterious benefactor could know.

Précis
Pressed to reveal the source of his prosperity, Pip finds himself at a loss. He is still floundering when his visitor hints that he knows exactly how much Pip’s allowance is; and when he also shows that he knows the name of Pip’s lawyer and childhood guardian, the young gentleman’s world starts to spin.
Questions for Critics

1. What is the author aiming to achieve in writing this?

2. Note any words, devices or turns of phrase that strike you. How do they help the author communicate his ideas more effectively?

3. What impression does this passage make on you? How might you put that impression into words?

Based on The English Critic (1939) by NL Clay, drawing on The New Criticism: A Lecture Delivered at Columbia University, March 9, 1910, by J. E. Spingarn, Professor of Comparative Literature in Columbia University, USA.

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