‘Macedonia Is Too Small for Thee’

UPON this all the company laughed, but the king and prince agreeing as to the forfeiture, Alexander ran to the horse, and laying hold of the bridle, turned him to the sun; for he had observed, it seems, that the shadow which fell before the horse, and continually moved as he moved, greatly disturbed him. While his fierceness and fury lasted, he kept speaking to him softly and stroking him; after which he gently let fall his mantle, leaped lightly upon his back, and got his seat very safe. Then, without pulling the reins too hard, or using either whip or spur, he set him a-going. As soon as he perceived his uneasiness abated, and that he wanted only to run, he put him in a full gallop, and pushed him on both with the voice and the spur.

Philip and all his court were in great distress for him at first, and a profound silence took place. But when the prince had turned him and brought him straight back, they all received him with loud acclamations, except his father, who wept for joy, and, kissing him, said: ‘Seek another kingdom, my son, that may be worthy of thy abilities; for Macedonia is too small for thee.’

From ‘Lives’ Vol. 4 by Plutarch (46-119+), translated (1804 edition) by John Langhorne (1735-1779) and William Langhorne (1721-1772).
Précis
Alexander, who had noticed that Bucephalus was nervous of his own shadow, turned him to face the sun. Once the horse was calm, the prince mounted and let him gallop. The court watched on anxiously, but Alexander came home safely. Macedonia, said Philip proudly, was too narrow a realm for such a prince: prophetic words, as it proved.
Questions for Critics

1. What is the author aiming to achieve in writing this?

2. Note any words, devices or turns of phrase that strike you. How do they help the author communicate his ideas more effectively?

3. What impression does this passage make on you? How might you put that impression into words?

Based on The English Critic (1939) by NL Clay, drawing on The New Criticism: A Lecture Delivered at Columbia University, March 9, 1910, by J. E. Spingarn, Professor of Comparative Literature in Columbia University, USA.

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