Greek History
Posts in The Copybook tagged ‘Greek History’
In 480 BC Leonidas, King of Sparta, frustrated the advance of Xerxes the Persian just long enough to change the course of the war — and history.
In 480 BC, the Persian King Xerxes (r. 486-465 BC) led a campaign to punish the sovereign city-states of Greece for their refusal to join his vast and dictatorial empire. An enormous Persian army recruited from all over Asia reached the eastern mainland late in August, only to find four thousand preening Greeks barring the way.
A headstrong Irish boy became part of the Greek resistance movement that won independence in 1832.
At sixteen, Richard Church (1784-1873) ran away from home in Cork and enlisted in the British Army. He made a name for himself liberating the Ionian Islands from Napoleon in 1809, and formed two new Greek regiments there in British pay. So when a favourite recruit wrote to him in 1826, pleading for help, he could hardly refuse.
A woman convicted of a crime she did not commit took her case to a higher power.
Like his famous son Alexander the Great, Philip II, King of Macedon (r. 359-336 BC) was a Philhellene who aspired to the manners and language of the cultivated Greeks; but there remained a barbarian side to Philip which showed in his seven wives and his bouts of drinking.
Under a moonlit sky in October 1942, Allied and Axis forces met in battle on the sands of the Egyptian desert.
The Second Battle of El Alamein in 1942 was a turning point in the Second World War. A German and Italian army was overwhelmed by British, Indian and Commonwealth forces, supported by the US from the air. Also fighting for the Allies was a British-trained brigade of Free Greeks, and (so it was said) an ancient Roman cavalryman.
Scotsman Samuel Greig so impressed his superiors at the Admiralty in London that he was sent as an adviser to the Russian Imperial Navy.
In 1698, Tsar Peter the Great visited England and gained such a healthy respect for the Royal Navy that in 1717 he brought Thomas Gordon, later Admiral Gordon, to St Petersburg. In 1763, when Empress Catherine wanted to accelerate the Imperial Navy’s growth, she too turned to London, and they sent her Samuel Greig.
Over a hundred young Greeks were slated to be shot after resistance fighters and British forces sabotaged an airfield.
The German occupation of Greece began in 1941, and continued for three years of forced labour, summary executions, and famines. By the summer of 1944, Berlin was struggling to keep hold of the Mediterranean, but airbases popping up on the Greek islands might have been a grave setback for the Allied cause.