A Ransom of Iron

The infuriated Gauls then rushed upon them and slew them without mercy; then setting fire to the city, they burned every house to the ground.* Nothing now remained but the Capitol, which was strongly fortified, and which the Gauls next besieged.

The Romans at length gave themselves up for lost; when they were revived by the intelligence that Camillus, the man they had treated so unjustly, was marching to their assistance at the head of the citizens of Ardea and Veii. They were thus enabled to come to terms with Brennus, who consented to quit the city upon the payment of a thousand pounds weight in gold. But Camillus would not permit of this agreement, exclaiming, “It is the custom with Romans to ransom their country with iron, and not with gold.” He then compelled Brennus, with his army, to leave Rome.

Taken from ‘Anecdotes from Roman, English, and French History’ (1853) by ‘A. H.’. Additional information from the biography of Camillus in ‘The Lives of the Noble Grecians and Romans’ by Plutarch (?46-?120).

* Brennus is credited with the famous saying Vae victis!, ‘woe to the vanquished!’, meaning that those who have been defeated should not expect any mercy.

Précis
The bearded Roman’s blow sparked a riot of slaughter and looting by the Gauls, until news came that Furius Camillus, the exiled general, was approaching with a relief force. Brennus promised to leave for a heavy ransom, but Camillus would not hear of it. He dealt not in gold but iron, he said, and soon afterwards drove the Gauls out.
Questions for Critics

1. What is the author aiming to achieve in writing this?

2. Note any words, devices or turns of phrase that strike you. How do they help the author communicate his ideas more effectively?

3. What impression does this passage make on you? How might you put that impression into words?

Based on The English Critic (1939) by NL Clay, drawing on The New Criticism: A Lecture Delivered at Columbia University, March 9, 1910, by J. E. Spingarn, Professor of Comparative Literature in Columbia University, USA.

Jigsaws

Express the ideas below in a single sentence, using different words as much as possible. Do not be satisfied with the first answer you think of; think of several, and choose the best.

They told Brennus that Camillus was coming. He prepared to leave Rome. He weighed out a large amount of gold first.

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