Liberty and Prosperity
Posts in The Copybook tagged ‘Liberty and Prosperity’
Guiseppi Garibaldi treasured the memory of a visit to Tyneside.
In 1854, Guiseppi Garibaldi found himself an outcast across Europe for his campaign to unite Italy’s small states (some under foreign control) in a single country. He found friends in the US and on his return, his ship called into Newcastle-upon-Tyne for coal. Joseph Cowen Jr came aboard to present him with a ceremonial sword inscribed ‘To General Garibaldi, by the people of Tyneside, friends of European freedom’.
The politicians of Georgian England went to surprising lengths to shield domestic businesses from overseas competition.
A feature of the eighteenth century was the Government’s ongoing, desperate and self-defeating attempt to support English industry by slapping taxes, tariffs and regulations on overseas competitors. Here, historian William Lecky looks at a few of the more egregious examples, from banning foreigners’ products to denying them technology.
Benjamin Disraeli revealed the secret behind holding one’s place at the top of Parisian society.
In February 1860 the new Cobden-Chevalier treaty was announced, a breakthrough free-trade deal with France, and a new era in Anglo-French relations. An especially vocal opponent of it was MP and novelist Benjamin Disraeli; so when John Bright rose in the Commons and read aloud this passage from Disraeli’s Coningsby (1844), he drew a good deal of laughter.
Rowland Hill calculated that a lower, flatter rate of postage would not only make the public better off and better read, but increase the Revenue.
On May 1st, 1840, the Post Office introduced a new flat rate on letter postage, after years of high and complicated pricing. The idea for the Uniform Penny Post came to Rowland Hill, a former schoolmaster, from talking to his father about free-market economics. Both had noticed how the national tax revenue had jumped just when the Government had cut taxes and regulations on foreign trade.
In 1843, a group of working men gathered in Rochdale to discuss how to ease the cost of living for their families, and the Co-op was born.
Most people in Victorian England acknowledged that the condition of the working man was shocking. But how should it be improved? Some looked to Government for help, but others believed that working men of good heart should turn their backs on the powerful and help each other. As Miss Isa Nicholson of the Preston branch tells us here, that vision led to the first Co-operative Wholesale Store.
Economist Adam Smith warned that when Western commercial interests get involved in policy-making abroad, war and want are sure to follow.
In 1757, a Government-backed trade agency called the British East India Company achieved such commercial and military superiority in India that its board members appointed princes, conquered territories, and dictated social and economic policy. Twenty controversial years later, Scottish economist Adam Smith warned that a company set up to make profits for European clients should not and could not run India for the Indians.