Clay Lane

The Copy Book

A Library of History and Literature in English

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1483

The Hermit of Handbridge

King Harold died at the Battle of Hastings in 1066. Or did he?

Harold Godwinson was killed at the Battle of Hastings on England’s south coast in 1066, pierced through the eye by an arrow. But that wasn’t the tale they told up north in the city of Chester...

1484

How Alfred Burnt the Cakes

A popular tale of scorched cakes and a scolded king.

King Alfred the Great ruled from 871 to 899. He did more than any other king to unite the English as a nation, but first he had to overcome an invasion of Danes from across the North Sea, and a very cross housewife.

1485

The Third Siege of Missolonghi

The cruelty of the Ottoman Turks so shocked Europe that the tide of opinion turned against them.

In 1823, early in the Greeks’ desperate fight for independence from the Ottoman Empire, English poet Lord Byron brought welcome public attention to the town of Missolonghi near Corinth just after it had endured two draining sieges. Two years later, however, the Turks came a third time.

1486

David and Bathsheba

David’s scheme to steal another man’s wife succeeded, but he could not keep his secret from everyone.

David was King of all Israel early in the 10th century BC. Through Bathsheba, he was a forefather of Jesus, but the marriage was the result of a stratagem unworthy of a King.

1487

The Hobbit

Tolkien’s tale of dragons, magic rings and enchanted gold is one of the masterpieces of English literature.

A Hobbit (Tolkien’s own mythological invention) is like a Man but much shorter, with furry feet, and he is content with an uneventful rural life. But Mr Bilbo Baggins was about to be sent on an Adventure, when all he wanted was breakfast.

1488

Rule, Britannia!

‘Rule Britannia’ was a discreet way of telling a German prince what was expected of a British King.

The British patriotic song “Rule Britannia” is sadly misunderstood. The short drama ‘Alfred’ from which it comes was not a shrill declaration of British power abroad but a tactful way of telling King George II’s son, a German-speaking Prince, that his job was to defend his people from invasion, and then leave them to enjoy fruits of their own labours.